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Ammann, C.M., G.A. Meehl, W.M. Washington, C.S. Zender, 2003:
A Monthly and Latitudinally Varying Volcanic Forcing Dataset in Simulations of 20th Century Climate
J. Geophys. Res., submitted
Cassou, C., L. Terray, C. Deser, M. Drevillon, J.M. Hurrell, 2003:
A seasonal bridge for winter to winter variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation : Role of Atlantic summer sea surface temperatures.
Part I : Observations
J. Clim, submitted
Deser, Clara,
Michael A. Alexander,
and Michael S. Timlin, 2003:
Understanding the Persistence of Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in Midlatitudes
J. Clim., 16, No. 1, 57-72, 2003.
Trenberth, K.E., D.P. Stepaniak, 2003:
Co-variability of components of poleward atmospheric energy transports on seasonal and interannual timescales
J. Clim, submitted
Trenberth, K.E., D.P. Stepaniak, 2003:
Seamless Poleward Atmospheric Energy Transports and Implications for the Hadley Circulation
J. Clim, submitted
Dai, A., and K. E. Trenberth, 2002:
Estimates of freshwater discharge from continents: Latitudinal and seasonal variations.
J. Hydrometeor, 3, 6, 660-687.
Hoffert,Martin I., Ken Caldeira, Gregory Benford, David R. Criswell, Christopher Green, Howard
Herzog, Atul K. Jain, Haroon S. Kheshgi, Klaus S. Lackner, John S. Lewis, H. Douglas Lightfoot,
Wallace Manheimer, John C. Mankins, Michael E. Mauel, L. John Perkins, Michael E. Schlesinger,
Tyler Volk, and Tom M. L. Wigley, 2002:
Advanced Technology Paths to Global Climate Stability: Energy for a Greenhouse Planet.
Science, 298, 981-987.
Meehl, G. A., and J. M. Arblaster, 2002:
The tropospheric biennial oscillation and Asian-Australian monsoon rainfall.
J. Climate, 15,
722-744.
Santer,B.D., R. Sausen, T. M. Wigley, J. S. Boyle, K. AchutaRao, C. Doutriaux, J. E.
Hansen, G. A. Meehl, E. Roeckner, R. Ruedy, G. Schmidt, and K. E. Taylor:
Behavior of tropopause height and atmospheric temperature in models, reanalyzes, and
observations: Decadal changes.
J. Geophys.Res., 107,
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Trenberth, K. E., A. Dai, R. M. Rasmussen, and D. B. Parsons, 2002:
The changing character of precipitation.
Bull. Am. Met. Soc., submitted
Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron 2002:
Accuracy of atmospheric energy budgets J. Climate, 15, 3343-3360..
Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron 2002:
Interannual variations in the atmospheric heat budget
J. Geophys. Res., 107, D8, 10.1029/2000JD000297.
Trenberth, K. E., J. M. Caron, D. P. Stepaniak, and S. Worley 2002:
The evolution of ENSO and global atmospheric surface temperatures
J. Geophys. Res., 107, D8, 10.1029/2000JD000298.
Albritton D., G. Meira Filho, U. Cubasch, X. Dai, Y. Ding, D. Griggs, B. Hewitson, J.
Houghton, I. Isaksen, T. Karl, M. McFarland, V. Meleshko, J. Mitchell, M. Noguer, B. Nyenzi,
M. Oppenheimer, J. Penner, S. Pollonais, T. Stocker, and K. Trenberth, 2001: Technical
Summary. Climate Change 2001. The Scientific Basis. Contribution of WG 1 to the Third
Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. J. T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D. J.
Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell, and C. A. Johnson, Eds., Cambridge
University Press. 21-83.
Arblaster, J. M., G. A. Meehl, and A. Moore, 2001:
Interdecadal modulation of Australian rainfall.
Climate Dyn., 18, 519-531.
Carter, L. M., E. Shea, M. Hamnett, C. Anderson, G. Dolcemascolo, C. Guard, M. Taylor, T.
Barnston, Y. He, M. Larsen, L. Loope, S. Malone, and G. A. Meehl, 2001: Potential consequences of
climate variability and change for the U.S.-affiliated islands of the Pacific and
Caribbean. U.S. National Assessment, Climate Change and Impacts on the United States: The
Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change, Cambridge University Press, 315-349.
Cubasch, U., G. A. Meehl, G. J. Boer, R. J. Stouffer, M. Dix, A. Noda, C. A. Senior, S. Raper, and
K. S. Yap, 2001: Projections of future climate change.Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis.
Contribution of the WGI to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change. J. T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D.
J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell, and C. A. Johnson, Eds.,
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Dai, A., T. M. L. Wigley, B. A. Boville, J. T. Kiehl, and L. E. Buja, 2001:
Climates of the 20th and 21st centuries simulated by the NCAR Climate System
Model.
J. Climate, 14, 485-519.
Dai, A., G. A. Meehl, W. M. Washington, and T. M. L. Wigley, 2001:
Climate changes in the 21st century over the Asia-Pacific region simulated by the
NCAR CSM and PCM.
Advances in Atmospheric Science, 18, 639-658.
Dai, A., G.A. Meehl, W. M. Washington, T. M. L Wigley, and J. M. Arblaster, 2001:
Ensemble simulation of 21st century climate changes: business as usual
vs. CO2 stabilization.
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82, 2377-2388.
Dai, A., T. M. L. Wigley, G. A. Meehl, and W. M. Washington, 2001:
Effects of stabilizing atmospheric CO2 on global climate in the next two centuries.
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Hoerling, M.P., J.W. Hurrell, T. Xu, 2001:
Tropical Origins for Recent North Atlantic Climate Change.
Science: 292, 90-92.
Hurrell, J. W., and R. R. Dickson, 2001:
Climate variability over the North Atlantic.
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Ottersen, J. W. Hurrell, A. Belgrano, and B. Planque, Eds., Oxford University Press, in
press.
Hurrell, J.W., Y. Kushnir, and M. Visbeck, 2001:
The North Atlantic Oscillation. Science: 291, No. 5504, 603-605.
Hurrell, J. W., 2001: Climate: North Atlantic and Arctic Oscillation (NAO/AO). Encyclopedia of
Atmospheric Sciences, Eds. J. Holton, J. Pyle, and J. Curry, Academic Press, in press.
Hurrell, J. W., M. P. Hoerling, and C. K. Folland, 2001:
Climatic variability over the North Atlantic.
Meteorology at the Millennium, R. Pearce Ed., Academic Press, 143-151.
Kang, I.-S., K. Jin, B. Wang, K.-M. Lau, J. Shukla, V. Krishnamurti, S. D. Schubert,
D. E. Waliser, W. F. Stern, A. Kitoh, G. A. Meehl, M. Kanamitsu, V. Y. Galin, V. Satyan, C. K. Park, and
Q. Liu, 2001: Intercomparison of the climatological
variations of Asian summer monsoon precipitation simulated by 10 GCMs. Climate Dyn., in press.
Lietzke, Christopher E., Thomas H. Vonder Haar, Clara Deser, 2001:
Evolutionary Structure of the Eastern Pacific double ITCZ based on Satellite Moisture Profile
Retrievals
Journal of Climate, 14, 5, 743-751.
Liu, P., W. M. Washington, G. A. Meehl, G. Wu, and G. L Potter, 2001: Historical and future trends of
the Sahara Desert. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2683-2686.
Madden, R. A., and R. H., Jones, 2001:
A quantitative estimate of the effect of aliasing in climatological time series.
J. Climate, 14, 3987-3993.
Marshall, J., Y. Kushnir, D. Battisti, P. Chang, A. Czaja, J. W. Hurrell, M. McCartney, R.
Saravanan, M. Visbeck, 2001: Atlantic Climate Variability. International Journal of Climatology,
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Meehl, G. A., and J. M. Arblaster, 2001:
The tropospheric biennial oscillation and Indian monsoon rainfall.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1731-1734.
Meehl, G. A., P. Gent, J. M. Arblaster, B. Otto-Bliesner, E. Brady, and
A. Craig, 2001:
Factors that affect amplitude of El Niño in global coupled climate models.
Climate Dyn., 17, 515-526.
Meehl, G. A., R. Lukas, G. N. Kiladis, M. Wheeler, A. Matthews, and K. M. Weickmann, 2001:
A conceptual framework for time and space scale interactions in the climate system.
Climate Dyn., 17, 753-775.
Santer, B. D., T. M. L. Wigley, C. Doutriaux, J. S. Boyle, J. E. Hansen, P. D. Jones, G. A. Meehl, E. Roeckner,
S. Sengupta, and K. E. Taylor, 2001:
Accounting for the effects of volcanoes and ENSO in comparisons
of modeled and observed temperature trends.J. Geophys. Res., in press.
Smith, S. J., H. Pitcher, and T. M. L. Wigley, 2001:
Global and regional anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions.
Global and Planetary Change, 29, 99-119.
Sontakke, N. A., D. J. Shea, R. A. Madden, and R. W. Katz, 2001: Potential for long-range regional
precipitation prediction over India. Mausam, 52, 47-56.
Stocker, T. G., K. C. Clarke, H. Le Treut, R. S. Lindzen, V. P. Meleshko, R. K. Mugara, T. N.
Palmer, R. T. Pierrehumbert, P. J. Sellers, K. E. Trenberth, and J. Willebrand, 2001: Physical
Climate Processes and Feedbacks. Climate Change 2001. The Scientific Basis. Contribution of WG 1
to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. J. T.
Houghton, et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press. 417-470.
Trenberth K. E., and D. P. Stepaniak, 2001:
A pathological problem with NCEP reanalyses in the stratosphere,
J. Climate, 15, 690-695.
Trenberth K. E., 2001:
Stronger Evidence of Human Influence on Climate:
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2001, Volume 43, Number 4, pages 8-19. ©Heldref Publications, 2001.
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Trenberth, K. E., 2001: Climate: El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, Academic Press, J. Steele, S. Thorpe, and K.
Turekian Eds. 815-827.
Trenberth, K. E., 2001: Climate variability and global warming. Science, 293, 48-49.
Trenberth, K. E., 2001: The Earth system. Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change, Vol. I.
The Earth System: Physical and Chemical Dimensions of Global Environmental Change.
T. Munn, Ed., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 13-30.
Trenberth, K. E., 2001: Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (GOALS). Encyclopedia of Global
Environmental Change, Vol. I. The Earth System: Physical and Chemical Dimensions of Global
Environmental Change. T. Munn Ed., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 411-413.
Trenberth K. E., 2001:
How should precipitation change as climate changes:
Prospects for increases in extremes The Climate Report. Maryam
Golnaraghi (Ed.), Climate Risk Solutions, Inc. 2, 1, 11--13.
Trenberth,K.E. 2001:
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THE FORUM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL LAW, SCIENCE, ENGINEERING and FINANCE (FAILSAFE) electronic journal, spring (March) issue, 8-26.
Trenberth, K. E., and J. M. Caron 2001:
Estimates of Meridional Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports
Journal of Climate, 14, 3433-3443.
Trenberth, K. E., and D. P. Stepaniak, 2001:
Indices of El Niño evolution.
J. Climate., 14, 1697-1701.
Trenberth,K.E. 2001:
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Proceedings of American Association of Petroleum Geologists conference, June 3-6, 2001, Denver, CO.
Trenberth, K. E., J. M. Caron, and D. P. Stepaniak 2001:
The Atmospheric Energy Budget and Implications for Surface Fluxes and Ocean Heat Transports
Climate Dynamics, 17, 259-276.
Trenberth K. E., 2001: Climatic Change, Global Warming: The science of climate, Francis Drake,
Ed., Edward Arnold, 511-513.
Wilby, R.L. and Wigley, T.M.L., 2001:
Future changes to the distribution of daily precipitation
totals across North America.
Geophys. Res. Lett., in press.
Wigley, T. M. L., and S. C. B. Raper, 2001:
Interpretation of high projections for global-mean warming.
Science, 293, 451-454.
Alexander, M. A., J. D. Scott, and C. Deser, 2000:
Processes that influence sea surface temperature and ocean mixed layer depth
variability in a coupled model.
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Berliner, L. M., R. A. Levine, and D. J. Shea, 2000: Bayesian Climate Change Assessment.
J. Climate, 13, 3805-3820.
Covey, C., A. Abe-Ouchi, G. J. Boer, G. M. Flato, B. A. Boville, G. A. Meehl, U. Cubasch, E.
Roeckner, H. Gordon, E. Guilyardi, L. Terray, X. Jiang, R. Miller, G. Russell, T. C. Johns,
H. Le Treut, L. Fairhead, G. Madec, A. Noda, S. B. Power, E. K. Schneider, R. J. Stouffer,
and J. -S. von Storch, 2000: The seasonal cycle in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation
models. Climate Dynamics, 16, 775-787.
Dai, A., and T. M. L. Wigley, 2000:
Global patterns of ENSO-induced precipitation.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 1283-1286.
Davis, P. M., T. C. Atkinson, and T. M. L. Wigley, 2000: Longitudinal dispersion in natural channels: 2.
The roles of shear flow dispersion and dead zones in the River Severn.
U.K. Hydrology and Earth Systems Sciences, 4, 355-371.
Deser, Clara, Michael A. Alexander, and Michael S. Timlin, 2000:
Reply to Drs. Latif and Ventzke comments on "Evidence for a Wind-Driven Intensification of the Kuroshio Current
Extension from the 1970s to the 1980s" Journal of Climate: 13, 11, 1995-1995
Deser, C., J. E. Walsh, and M. S. Timlin, 2000:
Arctic Sea Ice Variability in the Context of Recent Atmospheric Circulation Trends.
J. Climate, 13, 617-633.
Deser, C., 2000:
On the teleconnectivity of the "Arctic Oscillation"
Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 779-782.
Dickson, R. R., T. J. Osborn, J. W. Hurrell, J. Meincke,
J. Blindheim, B. Adlandsvik, T. Vinje, G. Alekseev, and W. Maslowski, 2000:
The Arctic Ocean response to the North Atlantic Oscillation.
J. Climate, 13, 2671-2696.
Easterling, D. R., T. R. Karl, K. P. Gallo, D. A. Robinson, K. E. Trenberth, and A. Dai, 2000:
Observed climate variability and change of relevance to the biosphere.
J. Geophys. Res., 105, 20 101-20 114.
Easterling, D. R., G. A. Meehl, C. Parmesan, S. Changnon, T. R. Karl, and L. O. Mearns, 2000:
Climate extremes: Observations, modeling and impacts.
Science, 289, 2068-2074.
Hulme, M., T. M. L. Wigley, E. M. Barrow, S. C. B. Raper,
A. Centella, S. J. Smith, and A. C. Chipanshi, 2000: Using
a climate scenario generator for vulnerability and adaptation assessments:
MAGICC and SCENGEN Version 2.4 Workbook and CD-Rom, B. Lim and J. Smith,
Eds. Climatic Research Unit, 52 pp.
Hurrell, J. W., S. J. Brown, K. E. Trenberth, and J. R. Christy, 2000:
Comparison of tropospheric temperatures from radiosondes and satellites: 1979–98.
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Hurrell, J. W., and M. Visbeck, 2000: US - CLIVAR Atlantic
Implementation Plan. [Available on-line from http://www.usclivar.org.]
Joyce, Terrence M., Clara Deser, and Michael A. Spall, 2000:
The Relation between Decadal Variability of Subtropical Mode Water in the
North Atlantic and Large-Scale Patterns of Air-Sea Forcing.
Journal of Climate: 13, 14, 2550-2569.
Lal, M., G. A. Meehl, and J. M. Arblaster, 2000: Simulation of Indian summer monsoon
rainfall and its intraseasonal variability. Regional Environmental Change,
1, 163-179.
Lejenäs, H., and R. A. Madden, 2000: Mountain torques caused by
normal-mode global Rossby Waves, and the impact on atmospheric angular
momentum. J. Atmos. Sci.,57, 1045-1051.
Madden, R. A., 2000:
Tropical meteorology: Intra-Seasonal Oscillation (Madden-Julian
Oscillation). Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, Academic Press, in press.
Meehl, G. A., G. J. Boer, C. Covey, M. Latif, and R. J.
Stouffer, 2000:
The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP).
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 313-318.
Meehl, G. A., T. Karl, D. R. Easterling, S. Changnon, R.
Pielke, Jr., D. Changnon, J. Evans, P. Ya Groisman, T. R.
Knutson, K. Kunkel, L. O. Mearns, C. Parmesan, R. Pulwarty, T. Root, R. B. Street, R. T. Sylves,
P. Whetton, and F. Zwiers, 2000:
An introduction to trends in extreme weather and climate events:
Observations, socio-economic impacts, terrestrial ecological impacts, and model projections.
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 413-416.
Meehl, G. A., F. Zwiers, J. Evans, T. Knutson, L. O. Mearns, and P. Whetton, 2000:
Trends in extreme weather and climate events: Issues related to modeling extremes in
projections of future climate change.
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 427-436.
Meehl, G. A., J. M. Arblaster, and W. G. Strand, Jr., 2000:
Sea ice effects on climate model sensitivity and low frequency variability.
Climate Dyn., 16, 257-271.
Meehl, G. A., W. M. Washington, J. M. Arblaster, T. W. Bettge, and W. G. Strand Jr., 2000:
Anthropogenic forcing and decadal climate variability in sensitivity experiments of 20th
and 21st century climate. J. Climate, 13, 3728-3744.
Meehl, G. A., W. D. Collins, B. Boville, J. T. Kiehl, T. M. L Wigley, and J. M. Arblaster, 2000:
Response of the NCAR Climate System Model to increased CO2 and the role of
physical processes. J. Climate, 13, 1879-1898.
Murphy, S., and T. R. Keen, 2000:
The sensitivity of relocatable local area models to temporal
interpolation noise at open boundaries.
Journal of Atmospheric Oceanic Technology, 6, 862-878.
Santer, B. D., T. M. L Wigley, D. J. Gaffen, L. Bengtsson, C. Doutriaux, J.S. Boyle, M. Esch, J. J. Hnilo,
P. D. Jones, G. A. Meehl, E. Roeckner, K.E. Taylor, and M.F. Wehner, 2000:
Interpreting differential temperature trends at the surface and in the lower
troposphere.
Science, 287, 1227-1232.
Santer, B. D., T. M. L. Wigley, J. S. Boyle, D. J.
Gaffen, J. J. Hnilo, D. Nychka, D. E. Parker, and K. E. Taylor, 2000:
Statistical significance of trends and trend differences in layer-average
temperature time series.
J. Geophys. Res., 105, 7337-7356.
Smith, S. J., and T. M. L. Wigley, 2000:
Global warming potentials: 1. Climatic implications of emissions reductions.
Climatic Change, 44, 445-457.
Smith, S. J., and T. M. L. Wigley, 2000:
Global warming potentials: 2. Accuracy.
Climatic Change, 44, 459-469.
Smith, S. J., T. M. L. Wigley, and J. A., Edmonds, 2000: A new route toward limiting climate
change?.Science, 290, 1109-1110.
Smith, S. J., T. M. L. Wigley, N. Nakicenovic, and S. C. B. Raper, 2000: Climate implications
of preliminary greenhouse gas emissions scenarios.
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 65, 195-204.
Trenberth, K. E., 2000:
Earth system processes and interactions. Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change,
Vol. 1, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., in press.
Trenberth, K. E., 2000: Millennium Perspectives.Bull.
Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 100.
Trenberth, K. E., 2000:
Short-term climate variations: Recent accomplishments and issues for future progress.
Storms, R. Pielke, Jr., and R. Pielke, Sr., Eds., Routledge, 126-141.
Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, J. W. Hurrell and M. Fiorino, 2000:
Quality of reanalyses in the tropics. J. Climate, 14, 1499-1510.
(Download a pdf version of the paper from the author's homepage.)
Trenberth, K.E., K. Miller, L. Mearns, and S. Rhodes 2000:
Effects of Changing Climate on Weather and Human Activities.
Understanding Global Change: Earth Science and Human Impacts Series,
Global Change Instruction Program, UCAR. University Science Books. 46 pp.
Trenberth, K. E., and J. M. Caron 2000:
The Southern Oscillation Revisited: Sea level pressures, surface temperatures and precipitation
Journal of Climate, 13, 4358-4365.
(Download a pdf version of the paper from the author's homepage.)
Trenberth, K. E., D. P. Stepaniak, and J. M. Caron 2000:
The global monsoon as seen through the divergent atmospheric circulation Journal of Climate,
13, 3969-3993.
(Download a pdf version of the paper from the author's homepage.)
van Loon, H., and D. Shea, 2000: The global 11-year solar
signal in July–August.Geophy. Res. Lett., 27, 2965-2968.
van Loon., H., and K. Labitzke, 2000: The influence of the 11-year solar cycle on the
stratosphere below 30 km: a review. Space Science Reviews, 94, 259-278.
Washington, W. M., J. W. Weatherly, G. A. Meehl, A. J. Semtner, Jr., T. W. Bettge,
A.P. Craig, W. G. Strand, Jr., J. M. Arblaster, V. B. Wayland, R.
James, and Y. Zhang, 2000:
Parallel Climate Model (PCM) control and transient simulations.
Climate Dyn.16, 755-774.
Wigley, T. M. L., 2000:
Stabilization of CO2 concentration levels.The Carbon Cycle,
T. M. L. Wigley and D.S. Schimel, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 258-276.
Wigley, T. M. L., and D. S. Schimel, 2000: The Carbon Cycle. Cambridge University Press, 292 pp.
Wigley, T. M. L., 2000:
ENSO, volcanoes and record breaking temperatures.
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Wigley, T. M. L., B. D Santer, and K. E. Taylor, 2000:
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Wilby, R. L., and T. M. L. Wigley, 2000: Precipitation
predictors for downscaling: Observed and general circulation model
relationships.International Journal of Climatology, 20, 641-661.
Wilby, R. L., and T. M. L. Wigley, 2000: Downscaling General
Circulation Model output: a reappraisal of methods and limitations.Climate
Prediction and Agriculture.Proceedings
of the START/WMO International Workshop, Geneva, Switzerland, 27-29 September
1999, M. V. K. Sivakumar, Ed., International START Secretariat, in press.
Alexander, Michael A., Clara Deser, Michael S. Timlin, 1999:
The Reemergence of SST Anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean.
Journal of Climate: 12, 8, 2419-2433.
Alexander, M., C. Deser, and M. Timlin, 1999: The re-emergence of SST anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean.
J. Climate, 12, 2419-2433.
Dai, A., and C. Deser, 1999:
Diurnal and semidiurnal variations in global surface wind and divergence fields.
J. Geophys. Res., 104, 31109-31125.
Dai, A., F. Giorgi, and K. E. Trenberth, 1999:
Observed and model-simulated diurnal cycles of precipitation over the
contiguous United States, J. Geophy. Res.,
104, 6377-6402.
Dai, A., K. E. Trenberth, and T. R. Karl, 1999:
Effects of clouds, soil moisture, precipitation and water vapor on diurnal
temperature range, J. Climate, 12, 2451-2473.
Deser, C., 1999: On the annularity of the Arctic Oscillation.
J. Geophys. Res., in press.
Deser, C., M. A. Alexander, and M. S. Timlin, 1999:
Evidence for a wind-driven intensification of the Kuroshio Current
Extension from the 1970s to the 1980s
J. Climate, 12, 1697-1706 .
Gould, J., and K. E. Trenberth, 1999: The WCRP Joint Scientific Committee - 20th
Meeting (JSC XX). Exchanges, 4, 2, 7.
Hoffert, M. I., A. K. Caldeira, A. K. Jain, E. F. Haites, L. D. D. Harvey, S. D. Potter, M. E.
Schlesinger, S. H. Schneider, R. G. Watts, T. M. L. Wigley, and D. J.
Wuebbles, 1999: Energy implications of CO2 stabilization.
Nature, 395, 881-884.
Hurrell, J. W. and K. E. Trenberth, 1999:
Global sea surface temperature analyses: multiple problems and their
implications for climate analysis, modeling and
reanalysis. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 30, 2661-2678.
Karl, T., and K. E. Trenberth, 1999: The human impact on
climate. Sci. Amer., 281, 100-105.
Madden, R. A., T. J. Hoar, and R. F. Milliff, 1999: Scatterometer winds composited
according to the phase of the Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation. Tellus,
51A, 263-272.
Madden, R. A., D. J. Shea, R. W. Katz, and J. W. Kidson, 1999: The potential for
long-range predictability of precipitation over New Zealand. Int. J. Climate,
19, 405-421.
Madden, R. A., and D. J. Shea, 1999:
The potential for long-range predictability of temperature and precipitation over Japan.
J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 77, 1111-1121.
Murphy, S. J., H. E. Hurlburt, and J. J. O'Brien, 1999:
The connectivity of mesoscale variability in the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico,
and the Atlantic Ocean,
J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1431-1453.
Newton, C. W., and H. R. Newton, 1999: The life cycles of extratropical cyclones.
The Bergen School Concepts Comes to America, M. Shapiro and S. Gronas, Eds.,
Amer. Meteor. Soc., 41-59.
Prather, M., R. Sausen, A. S. Grossman, J. M. Haywood, D. Rind, B. H.
Subbaraya, P. Forster, A. Jain, M. Ponater, U. Schumann, W.-C.
Wang, T. M. L. Wigley, and D. J. Wuebbles, 1999: Potential climate change from
aviation. Aviation and the Global Atmosphere, J. E. Penner, D. H. Lister, D. J.
Griggs, D. J. Dokken and M. McFarland, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 185-215.
Santer, B. D., J. J Hnilo, T. M. L Wigley, J. S. Boyle, C. Doutriaux, M. Fiorino,
D. E. Parker, and K. E. Taylor, 1999:
Uncertainties in observationally based estimates of temperature change in the free atmosphere.
J. Geophys. Res., 104, 6305-6333.
Schneider, Niklas, Arthur J. Miller, Michael A. Alexander, and Clara Deser 1999:
Subduction of Decadal North Pacific Temperature Anomalies: Observations and
Dynamics. Journal of Physical Oceanography: 29, 5, 1056-1070.
Schneider, N., S. Venzke, A. J. Miller, D. W. Pierce, T. P. Barnett, C. Deser, and
M. Latif, 1999:
Pacific thermocline bridge revisited.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1329-1332.
Trenberth, K. E., 1999: Global climate project shows early promise. Eos,
80, 274-275.
Trenberth, K. E., 1999: A perspective on the weather events of 1997 and 1998.
Consequences, 4, in press.
Trenberth, Kevin E., and David P. Stepaniak, 1999:
Global Energy and Moisture Budgets of the Atmosphere.
Extended abstract of invited paper which will be presented at the
SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON REANALYSES,
23 to 27 August 1999, Wokefield Park, Mortimer, Reading, UK.
Trenberth, K. E., 1999:
The extreme weather events of 1997 and 1998.
Consequences, 5, 1, 2-15.
Trenberth, K. E., 1999: Atmospheric moisture recycling: Role of advection and local
evaporation. J. Climate, 12, 1368-1381.
Trenberth, K. E., 1999:
Conceptual framework for changes of extremes of the hydrological cycle with climate change.
Clim. Change, 42, 327-339.
Trenberth, K. E., and T. Owen, 1999:
Workshop on indices and indicators for climate extremes. Breakout Group A: Storms.
Clim. Change, 42, 9-21.
Trenberth, K. E., and J. W. Hurrell, 1999: Reply to
Rajagopalan, Lall and Cane's comment about "The interpretation of short
climate records with comments on the North Atlantic and Southern
Oscillations.''Bull. Amer. Met. Soc, 80, 2726-2728.
van Loon, H., and D. J. Shea, 1999:
A probable signal of the 11-year solar cycle in the troposphere of the Northern Hemisphere.
Geophys. Res. Lett. 26, 2893-2896.
Wigley, T. M. L., 1999: The Science of Climate of Climate Change: Global and U.S.
Perspectives. Pew Center on Global Climate Change, 48 pp.
Wigley, T. M. L., P. J. Jaumann, B. D. Santer, and K. E. Taylor, 1999: Relative
detectability of greenhouse-gas and aerosol climate change signals. Climate Dyn.,
14, 781-790.
Wigley, T.M.L., R. L. Smith, and B. D. Santer, 1999: The autocorrelation function and
human influences on climate (response to comment by Tsonis and Elsner). Science, 285
(Technical Comment), 495a.
Boville, B. A., and J. W. Hurrell, 1998:
A comparison of the atmospheric circulations simulated by the CCM3 and CSM1.
J. Climate, 11, 1327-1341.
Dai, A., K. E. Trenberth, and T. R. Karl, 1998:
Global Variations in Droughts and Wet Spells: 1900-1995.
Geophys. Res. Lttr., 25, 3367-3370.
Deser, Clara and Catherine Smith, 1998:
Diurnal and semidiurnal variations of the surface wind field over the tropical Pacific
Ocean. J. Climate, 11 1730-1748.
Deser, Clara and Mike Timlin 1998:
Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction on Weekly Timescales in the North Atlantic and P
acific. Journal of Climate: 10, 3, 393-408.
Dickson, R. R., J. W. Hurrell, M. McCartney, H. L. Bryden, R. Williams, and J. Marshall, 1998:
The North Atlantic Oscillation. Chapter 5 of CLIVAR Implementation Plan,
WCRP No. 103, WMO/TD-No. 869, ICOP No. 14, 163-192.
Giorgi, F., G. A. Meehl, A. Kattenberg, H. Grassl, J. F. B. Mitchell, R. J. Stouffer, T. Tokioka, A. J. Weaver,
and T. M. L. Wigley, 1998:
Simulation of regional climate change with global coupled climate models and regional modeling techniques.
IPCC Special Report on the Regional Impacts of Climate Change: An Assessment of Vulnerability,
R. T. Watson, M. C. Zinyowera, and R. H. Moss, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 427-437.
Hack, J. J., J. T. Kiehl, and J. W. Hurrell, 1998:
The hydrologic and thermodynamic characteristics of the NCAR CCM3.
J. Climate, 11, 1179-1206.
Henson, Bob and Trenberth, Kevin E., 1998:
Children of the Tropics: El Niño and La Niña. From the Learning
about Science Easily and Readily Series (LASERS).
Hurrell, J. W., J. J. Hack, B. A. Boville, D. L. Williamson, and J. T. Kiehl, 1998:
The dynamical simulation of the NCAR Community Climate Model Version 3 (CCM3).
J. Climate, 11, 1207-1236.
Hurrell, J. W., 1998:
Relationships among recent atmospheric circulation changes, global warming, and
satellite temperatures. Science Progress, 81, 205-224.
Hurrell, J. W. and K. E. Trenberth, 1998:
Difficulties in obtaining reliable temperature trends: reconciling the
surface and satellite microwave sounding unit records.
J. Climate, 11, 945-967.
Hurrell, J. W., H. van Loon, and D. J. Shea, 1998: The mean state of the
troposphere. Meteorology of the Southern Hemisphere, D. Karoly and D. Vincent,
Eds., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 1-46.
Kiehl, J. T., J. J. Hack, and J. W. Hurrell, 1998:
The energy budget of the NCAR Community Climate Model: CCM3.
J. Climate, 11, 1151-1178.
Madden, R. A., H. Lejenäs, and J. J. Hack, 1998: Semi-diurnal variations in the
budget of angular momentum in a general circulation model and in the real atmosphere. J.
Atmos. Sci., 55, 2561-2575.
Meehl, G. A., J. M. Arblaster, and W. G. Strand, 1998:
Global scale decadal climate variability.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3983--3986.
Meehl, G. A., J. W. Hurrell, and H. van Loon, 1998:
A modulation of the mechanism of the semiannual oscillation in
the Southern Hemisphere. Tellus, 50A, 442--450.
Meehl, G. A., and J. M. Arblaster, 1998:
The Asian-Australian monsoon and El Niño-Southern Oscillation in the NCAR Climate System Model.
J. Climate, 11, 1356-1385.
Meehl, G. A., 1998: Climate modeling. Meteorology of the Southern Hemisphere,
D. Karoly and D. Vincent, Eds., American Meteorological Society, 365-410.
Meehl, G. A., 1998:
Scale interactions in atmosphere, ocean and coupled models.
Climatic Impact of Scale Interactions for the Tropical Ocean-Atmosphere System,
J. Slingo, P. Delecluse, and G. Komen, Eds., Euroclivar Publication, 13, 44-45.
Milliff, R. F., T. J. Hoar, and R. A. Madden, 1998:
Fast, eastward-moving disturbances in the surface winds of the equatorial Pacific.
Tellus, 50A, 26-41.
Sun, D. -Z., and K. E. Trenberth, 1998:
Coordinated heat removal from the tropical Pacific during the 1986-87 El Niño.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2659-2662.
Trenberth, Kevin E., 1998:
Development and Forecasts of the 1997-98 El Niño: CLIVAR Scientific Issues.
Based in part on presentations made at the Seventh session of the CLIVAR SSG in Santiago,
Chile (April 1998).
Trenberth, K.E. 1998:
Atmospheric moisture residence times and cycling:
Implications for rainfall rates with climatic change.
Climatic Change, 39, 667--694.
Trenberth, K. E., and C. J. Guillemot, 1998:
Evaluation of the atmospheric moisture and hydrological cycle in the NCEP/NCAR reanalyses.
Climate Dyn., 14, 213-231.
Trenberth, K.E. et. al. 1998:
The CLIVAR Initial Implementation Plan. WCRP 103, WMO/TD 869, ICPO 14, 356 pp.
Trenberth, K. E., G. W. Branstator, D. Karoly, A. Kumar, N-C. Lau, and C. Ropelewski,
1998:
Progress during TOGA in understanding and modeling global teleconnections associated with
tropical sea surface temperatures.
J. Geophys. Res., 103 (special TOGA issue), 14 291--14 324.
Trenberth, K. E., and C. J. Guillemot, 1998: Estimating evaporation-minus-precipitation
as a residual of the atmospheric water budget. Global Energy and Water Cycles, K.
Browning and R. Gurney, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 236-246.
Wigley, T. M. L., 1998:
The Kyoto Protocol: CO2, CH4 and climate implications.
Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2285-2288.
Wigley, T. M. L., R. L. Smith, and B. D. Santer, 1998:
Anthropogenic influence on the autocorrelation structure of hemispheric-mean
temperatures.
Science, 282,1676-1679.
Wilby, R. L., T. M. L. Wigley, D. Conway, P. D. Jones, B. C. Hewitson,
J. Main, and D. S. Wilks, 1998: Statistical downscaling of general
circulation model output: A comparison of methods. Water Resour. Res., 34,
2995-3008.
Edmonds, J., M. Wise, H. Pitcher, R. Richels, T. M. L. Wigley, and M. C. MacCracken, 1997:
An integrated assessment of climate change and the accelerated introduction of advanced energy technologies:
An application of MiniCAM 1.0. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 1, 311-339.
Flannery, B. P., H. Kheshgi, G. Marland, M. C. MacCracken (
contributing author list includes T. M. L. Wigley, and 6 others), 1997:
Geoengineering Climate. Engineering Response to Global Climate Change:
Planning a Research and Development Agenda, R. G. Watts, Ed., Lewis Publishers, 379-427.
Giorgi, F., J. W. Hurrell, M. R. Marinucci, and M. Beniston, 1997:
Elevation signal in surface climate change: A model study.
J. Climate, 10, 288-296.
Harvey, L. D. D., J. Gregory, M. Hoffert, A. Jain, M. Lal,
R. Leemans, S. C. B. Raper, T. M. L. Wigley, and J. de Wolde, 1997:
An introduction to simple climate models used in the IPCC Second
Assessment Report. IPCC Technical Paper 2. Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland, 50 pp.
Hurrell, J. W. and K. E. Trenberth, 1997:
Spurious trends in satellite MSU temperatues from merging different satellite records.
Nature, 386, 164-167.
Hurrell, J. W. and H. Van Loon, 1997:
Decadal Variations in Climate associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation
Climatic Change, 36, pp 301-326.
Jones, P. D., T. J. Osborn, T. M. L. Wigley, P. M. Kelly, and B. D. Santer, 1997:
Comparisons between the microwave sounding unit temperature record and the surface temperature record from
1979 to 1996: Real differences or potential discontinuities? J. Geophys. Res., 102, 30 135-30 145.
Kiehl, J. T. and K. E. Trenberth, 1997:
Earth's Annual Global Mean Energy Budget
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 197-208.
Figures also included.
Kittel, T. G. F., F. Giorgi, and G. A. Meehl, 1997:
Intercomparison of regional biases and doubled CO2 sensitivity of coupled atmosphere-ocean general
circulation model experiments. Climate Dyn., 14, 1-15.
Lamb, H. H., K. M. Clayton, and T. M. L. Wigley, 1997: The Climatic Research Unit at Twenty-Five Years.
Climates of the British Isles, M. Hulme and E. Barrow, Eds., Routledge, London, UK, xxvii-xxix.
Lejenas, H., R. A. Madden, and J. J. Hack, 1997:
Global atmospheric angular momentum and Earth-atmosphere exhcnage of angular momentum simulated
in a general circulation model.
J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1931-1941.
Madden, R. and J. Kidson, 1997: The potential for long-range
predictability of temperature over New Zealand. International
J. Climatology, 17, 483-495.
Madden, R. A. and R. H. Jones, 1997: The effect of likely biases in estimating the variance of long-time
averages of climatological data. J. Climate, 10, 268-272.
Meehl, G. A. and W. M. Washington, 1997: Pacific region climate change in a global coupled climate model.
Numerical Simulations in the Environmental and Earth Sciences, Fernando Garcia-Garcia, Gerardo Cisneros,
Agust'n Fernandez-Eguiarte, Roman Alvarez, Eds., Cambridge University Press, New York, ISBN 0-521-58047-1, 58-63.
Meehl, G. A., 1997: The south Asian monsoon and the tropospheric
biennial oscillation (TBO). J. Climate, 10, 1921-1943.
Meehl, G. A., 1997: Global coupled climate model experiments with increased CO2 and direct and
indirect effects of sulfate aerosols. Mission Earth: Modeling and Simulation for a Sustainable
Global System, M. G. Clymer and C. R. Mechoso, Eds., ISBN:
1-56555-106-0, SCS Publishing, San Diego, CA, 31-36.
Meehl, G. A., 1997: Modification of surface fluxes from component models in global coupled models.
J. Climate, 10, 2811-2825.
Meehl, G. A., 1997: Pacific region climate change. J. Ocean and Coastal Management, 37, 137-147.
Meehl, G. A., G. J. Boer, C. Covey, M. Latif, and R. J. Stouffer, 1997:
Intercomparison makes for a better climate model. Eos, 78, 445-446, 451.
Penner, J. E., T. M. L. Wigley, P. Jaumann, B. D. Santer, and K. E. Taylor, 1997:
Anthropogenic aerosols and climate change: A method for calibrating forcing. Assessing Climate Change-Results
from the Model Evaluation Consortium for Climate Assessment, W. Howe and A. Henderson-Sellers, Eds., Gordon
and Breach Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 91-111.
Santer, B. D. and T. M. L. Wigley, 1997: Are human activities
contributing to climate change? In Common Questions about Climate
Change, UNEP, WMO, 9-10.
Schimel, D. S., M. Grubb, F. Joos, R. K. Kaufmann, R. Moss, W. Ogana, R. Richels, and T. M. L. Wigley, 1997:
Stabilisation of atmospheric greenhouse gases: Physical, biological and socioeconomic
implications. IPCC Technical Paper 3. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland, 52 pp.
Smith, S. J., T. M. L. Wigley, and D. S. Schimel, 1997: U.S. "regional" climate change. Results from the
Hadley Centre model. Prepared for Environment Division, The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy.
Trenberth, K. E., 1997: On the use and abuse of climate models in climate change studies.
Nature, 386, 131-133.
Trenberth, K. E., 1997:
Using Atmospheric Budgets as a Constraint on Surface
Fluxes. J. Climate, 10, 2796-2809.
Trenberth, K. E., 1997:
The Definition of El Nino.
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78, 2771-2777.
Trenberth, K. E. and T. J. Hoar, 1997:
El Nino and climate change.Geophys. Res. Lett.,
24, 3057-3060.
Trenberth, K. E. and J. W. Hurrell, 1997:
How accurate are satellite 'thermometers'?
Nature, 389, 342-343.
Trenberth, K. E., et al., 1997: CLIVAR. A research programme on climate variability and predictability
for the 21st century. International CLIVAR Project Office, Report 101, WCRP/TD No. 853, 48 pp.
Trenberth, K.E., et. al. 1997:
Common questions about climate change.
WMO, UNEP. 24 pp.
Trenberth, Kevin E., 1997:
Global Warming: It's Happening
naturalSCIENCE: A World Wide Web Journal, Volume 1, Article 9. See also comments from
Fred Singer
and Hugh Ellsaesser.
Trenberth, K.E. 1997:
The science of global climate change. Jobs and Capital, VI,4, 20-25.
Trenberth, Kevin E., 1997: Atmospheric moisture residence
times and cycling: Implications for how precipitation may change as climate changes. GEWEX
(Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment) News, August 1997.
Trenberth, K. E., K. Miller, L. Mearns, and S. Rhodes, 1997:
Weather associated with changing climate and consequences for human activities.
Understanding Global Change: Earth Science and Human Impacts Series,
Global Change Instruction Program, UCAR, University Science Books, 46 pp.
Washington, W. M. and G. A. Meehl, 1997: Climate model simulations of global warming.
Assessing Climate Change: Results from the Model Evaluation Consortium for Climate Assessment,
W. Howe and A. Henderson-Sellers, Eds., Gordon and Breach Science Publishers,
North Ryde, Australia, 125-140.
Wigley, T. M. L., 1997: Implications of recent CO2 emission-limitation proposals for
stabilization of atmospheric concentrations. Nature, 390, 267-270.
Wigley, T. M. L., P. D. Jones, and S. C. B. Raper, 1997:
The observed global warming record: What does it tell us?
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 94, 8314-8320.
Wigley, T. M. L., A. Jain, F. Joos, P. R. Shukla, and B. S. Nyenzi, 1997:
Implications of proposed CO2 emissions limitations. IPCC Technical Paper 4,
J. T. Houghton, L. G. Meira Filho, D. J. Griggs, and M. Noguer, Eds., Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 41 pp.
Wikle, C. K., R. A. Madden, and T-C. Chen, 1997: Seasonal variation of upper tropospheric and lower
stratospheric equatorial waves over the tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1895-1909.
Wilby, R. L., and T. M. L. Wigley, 1997: Downscaling general circulation model output:
A review of methods and limitations. Progress in Physical Geography, 21, 530-548.
Hurrell, J. W. 1996:
Influence of variations in extratropical wintertime teleconnections on Northern Hemisphere
temperature. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 665-668.
Hurrell, J. and K. E. Trenberth, 1996:
Satellite versus surface estimates of air temperature since 1979.
J. Climate, 9, 2222-2232.
Kattenberg, A., F. Giorgi, H. Grassl, G. A. Meehl, J. F. B.
Mitchell, R. J. Stouffer, T. Tokioka, A. J. Weaver, and T. M. L.
Wigley (contributing author list
includes T. G. F. Kittel), 1996: Climate Models-Projections of Future Climate.
Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of
Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change, J. T. Houghton, L. G. Meiro Filho, B. A. Callander, N.
Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, Eds., Cambridge University Press,
287-357.
Meehl, G. A., 1996: Vulnerability of fresh water resources to climate
change in the tropical Pacific region. J. Water, Air and Soil
Poll., 92, 203-213.
Meehl, G. A., and W. M. Washington, 1996: El Nino-like
climate change in a model with increased atmospheric CO2
concentrations. Nature, 382, 56-60.
Meehl, G. A., G. N. Kiladis, K. M. Weickmann, M. Wheeler, D. S. Gutzler,
and G. P. Compo, 1996: Modulation of equatorial subseasonal convective
episodes by tropical-extratropical interaction in the Indian and
Pacific Ocean regions. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 15 033-15 049.
Meehl, G. A., W. M. Washington, D. J. Erickson III, B. P. Briegleb,
and P. J. Jaumann, 1996: Climate change from increased CO2
and the direct and indirect effects of sulfate aerosols. Geophys. Res. Lett.,
23, 3755-3758.
Milliff, R. F. and R. A. Madden, 1996:
The Existence and Vertical Structure
of Fast, Eastward-Moving Disturbances in the Equatorial Troposphere.
J. Atmos. Sci. , 53, 586-597.
Newton, C. W., 1996: Extratropical cyclogenesis climatology over East
Asia and North America: A synthesis (celebration of the 80th birthday
of Professor Ye Duzheng). Chinese Meteorological Press, 588-607.
Palutikof, J. P., and T. M. L. Wigley, 1996: Developing climate change scenarios
for the Mediterranean region. Climatic Change and the Mediterranean,
Volume 2, L. Jeftic, S. Keckes, and J. C. Pernetta, Eds., Edward Arnold, 27-56.
Raper, S. C. B., K. R. Briffa, and T. M. L. Wigley, 1996: Glacier change in
Northern Sweden from A.D. 500: A simple geometric model of Storglaciaren.
J. Glaciol., 42, 341-351.
Raper, S. C. B., T. M. L. Wigley, and R. A. Warrick, 1996: Global sea-level rise:
Past and future. Sea-Level Rise and Coastal Subsidence, J. D.
Milliman and B. U. Haq, Eds., Kluwer Academic Publishers, 11-45.
Santer, B. D., K. E. Taylor, T. M. L. Wigley, T. C. Johns, P. D.
Jones, D. J. Karoly, J. F. B. Mitchell, A. H. Oort, J. E. Penner, V. Ramaswamy,
M. D. Schwarzkopf, R. J. Stouffer, and S. Tett, 1996: A search for human influences
on the thermal structure of the atmosphere. Nature, 382, 39-46.
Santer, B. D., T. M. L. Wigley, T. P. Barnett, and E. Anyamba, 1996: Detection
of climate change and attribution of causes. Climate Change 1995: The
Science of Climate Change, Contribution of Working Group I to the Second
Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, J. T.
Houghton, L. G. Meira Filho, B. A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K.
Maskell, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 407-443.
Schimel, D., D. Alves, I. G. Enting, M. Heimann, F. Joos, D. Raynaud, and
T. M. L. Wigley, 1996: CO2 and the carbon cycle. Climate
Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change, Contribution of Working Group I to
the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, J. T. Houghton, L. G. Meira Filho, B. A. Callander, N. Harris, A.
Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 76-86.
Slingo, J. M., K. R. Sperber, J. S. Boyle, J.-P. Ceron, M. Dix, B. Dugas, W. Ebisuzaki, J. Fyfe, D. Gregory,
J.-F. Gueremy, J. Hack, A. Harzallah, P. Inness, A. Kitoh, W. K.-M. Lau, B. McAvaney, R. Madden, A. Matthews,
T. N. Palmer, C.-K. Park, D. Randall, and N. Renno, 1996:
Intraseasonal oscillations in 15 atmospheric general circulation models:
Results from an AMIP diagnostic subproject. Clim. Dyn., 12, 325-357.
Trenberth, K. E., 1996: What is happening to El Nino? 1996
Book of the Year, Encyclopedia Britannica, 164 pp.
Trenberth, K. E., 1996: What is happening to El
Nino? 1997 Yearbook of Science and the Future, Encyclopedia
Britannica, 88-99.
Trenberth, K. E., 1996: Coupled climate system modeling. Climate Change, People and Policy:
Developing Southern Hemisphere Perspectives, Ann
Henderson-Sellers and Tom Giambelluca, Eds., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 63-88.
Trenberth, K. E., 1996: El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Climate Change, People and Policy:
Developing Southern Hemisphere Perspectives, Ann
Henderson-Sellers and Tom Giambelluca, Eds., John Wiley & Sons. Ltd., 145-173.
Trenberth, K. E. and Guillemot, C. J., 1996:
Physical processes involved in the 1988 drought and 1993 floods in
North America. J. Climate, 9, 1288-1298.
Trenberth, K. E., J. T. Houghton, and L. G.
Meira Filho, 1996: The climate system: An overview.
Climate Change 1995. The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of
Working Group 1 to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, J. T. Houghton, L. G. Meira Filho, B. Callander,
N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 51-64.
Trenberth, K. E., and J. W. Hurrell, 1996: Decadal
climate variations in the Pacific. Natural Climate Variability
on Decade-to-Century Time Scales, W. Sprigg, E. Rice, and
others, Eds., National Academy Press, 472-481.
Trenberth, K. E., 1996: Short-term Climate Variations: Recent
accomplishments and issues for future
progress. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 1081-1096.
Ware, R., M. Exner, D. Feng, M. Gorbunov, K. Hardy, B. Herman, W. Kuo, T. Meehan, W. Melbourne, C. Rocken,
W. Schreiner, S. Sokolovskiy, F. Solheim, X. Zou, R. Anthes, S. Businger, and K. E. Trenberth, 1996:
GPS sounding of the atmosphere from low Earth orbit: Preliminary results. Bull. Amer.
Meteor. Soc., 77, 19-40.
Warrick, R. A., C. Le Provost, M. Meier, J. Oerlemans, and P. Woodworth,
(contributing author list includes T.M.L. Wigley and 18 others), 1996: Changes
in sea level. Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change,
Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, J. T. Houghton, L. G. Meira
Filho, B. A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, Eds.,
Cambridge University Press, 358-405.
Washington, W. M., and G. A. Meehl, 1996: High-latitude climate change
in a global coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea ice model with increased
atmospheric CO2. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12 795-12 801.
Wigley, T. M. L., and S. C. B. Raper, 1996: Modelling low-frequency climate
variability: The greenhouse effect and the interpretation of paleoclimatic
data. The Natural Variability of the Climate System on 10-100 Year
Timescales, D. G. Martinson, K. Bryan, M. Ghil, M. M. Hall, T. R.
Karl, E. S. Sarachik, S. Sorooshian, and L. D. Talley, Eds., National Academy Press, 169-174.
Albritton, D.L., R.G. Derwent, I.S.A. Isaksen, M. Lal, and D.J. Wuebbles
(contributing author list includes T.M.L. Wigley and seven others), 1995:
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