VEMAP References - Extended List

Primary References: VEMAP | VEMAP Phase 1 | VEMAP Phase 2 | Select Reference List

In Preperation | Submitted | A - E | F - J | K - O | P - T | U - Z

 

In Preperation Back to Top

Kittel, T.G.F., N.A. Rosenbloom, H.H. Fisher, S. Aulenbach, C. Kaufman, D.S. Schimel, and VEMAP2 Participants.

The VEMAP Phase 2 dataset: II. Gridded transient bioclimate change scenarios for the conterminous United States and Alaska. Climate Research, in preparation.

Kittel, T.G.F., J.A. Royle, C. Daly, N.A. Rosenbloom, W.P. Gibson, H.H. Fisher, S. Aulenbach, C. Kaufman, D.S. Schimel, L.M. Berliner, and VEMAP2 Participants.

The VEMAP Phase 2 dataset: I. A gridded historical (1895–1993) bioclimate dataset for the conterminous United States and Alaska. Climate Research, in preparation.

 

Submitted Back to Top

Cannon, R.F., D.S. Schimel, T.G.F. Kittel, and H.H. Fisher.

Model-based assessment of the resiliency of the U.S. grasslands ecoregion to future climate and CO2 change. Ecological Applications, under revision.

 

A - E Back to Top

Bachelet, D., J.M. Lenihan, R. Drapek, and VEMAP2 Participants.  1999.

Preliminary results from vegetation dynamic models in VEMAP Phase 2: Vegetation distribution and associated C pools from 1895 to 2100. IAMAS Symposium on Improvements and Intercomparisons of Climate System Models and Their Component Models. IUGG99 22nd General Assembly, Birmingham, UK, 18-30 July 1999. Page A252, in IUGG 99 Birmingham Abstracts. Invited paper.

Bachelet, D., R.P. Neilson, J.M. Lenihan, R.J. Drapek, and VEMAP Data Group.  2000.

Impacts of climate change and fire frequency on soil carbon. American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, Washington, DC, 30 May-3 June 2000. Eos 81 (19, Suppl.):S80.  Abstract.

Cienciala, E., T.G.F. Kittel, K.A. Hibbard, S.W. Running, H. Fisher, and VEMAP Members.  1996.

Water balance of the VEMAP biogeochemistry and biogeography models: II. Sensitivity to altered climate, CO2, and vegetation distribution. American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, Baltimore, May 20-24, 1996. Eos 77(7):S115.

Constable, J.V.H., A.B. Guenther, D.S. Schimel, and R.K. Monson. 1999.

Modelling changes in VOC emission in response to climate change in the continental United States. Global Change Biology 5: 791-806.

Drapek, R.J., R.P. Neilson, D. Bachelet, J.M. Lenihan, and VEMAP Members.  2000.

MC1 LAI and vegetation carbon output compared with its progenitor models and with new satellite LAI estimates.   p. 268, in: The Ecological Society of America 85th Annual Meeting, August 6-10, 2000, Snowbird, Utah.  The Ecological Society of America, Washington, DC. Abstract.

Drapek, R.J., R.P. Neilson, and VEMAP Participants.  1996.

Continental scale leaf area index simulation: VEMAP model intercomparisons. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Providence, RI, Aug 1996. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 77(3, Supplement, Part 2):118.

 

F - J Back to Top

Fisher, H., D.S. Schimel, T.G.F. Kittel, B.H. Braswell, and VEMAP Participants.  1995.

Modeling and remote sensing of spatial variability in ecosystem processes using AVHRR Pathfinder. 1995 American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, May 1995, Baltimore, MD. Eos 76(17):S51.

Gordon, W S, J.S. Famiglietti, K.A. Hibbard, T.G. Kittel.  1999.

Terrestrial ecosystem model validation using streamflow data: Preliminary analyses of VEMAP Phase 2 model experiments. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, Dec 12-17, 1998. Eos 80 (45, Supplement):Fxx, in press.

Gordon, W.S., J.S. Famiglietti, K.A. Hibbard, T.G.F. Kittel, and VEMAP Members.  2000.

The response of streamflow to climate change over the conterminous U.S.: Preliminary analyses using VEMAP Phase 2 model experiments. 15th Conference on Hydrology, AMS Annual Meeting, 9–14 January 2000 in Long Beach, California. Abstract.

Haxeltine, A. and R.P. Neilson, Presenters for VEMAP Participants.  1995. 

Intercomparison of three biogeography models, BIOME2, MAPSS and DOLY. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, Aug 1995. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 76 (2, Supplement):112.

Hibbard, K., and T. Kittel.  1999.

Runoff in the Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project (VEMAP) comparison with observed streamflow. IAHS Global Data Bases Workshop, IUGG99 22nd General Assembly, Birmingham, UK, 18-30 July 1999. Page 12, in IUGG99 Abstracts - HW1 (supplement).

Hibbard, K.A., S.W. Running, E. Cienciala, T.G.F. Kittel, H. Fisher, and VEMAP Members.  1996.

Water balance of the VEMAP biogeochemistry and biogeography models: I. Comparisons with observed data. American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, Baltimore, May 20-24, 1996. Eos 77(17):S114-115.

K - O Back to Top

Kittel, T.G.F.  1995.

Position paper - Multiple roles for GIS in U.S. Global Change Research. Pp. 65-68, in: Research Initiative-15: Multiple Roles for GIS in U.S. Global Change Research. Report of the First Specialist Meeting Santa Barbara, CA, 8-11 March 1995. M.F. Goodchild, J.E. Estes, K. Beard, T. Foresman, and J. Robinson (eds.). National Center for Geographical Information and Analysis, Santa Barbara, CA.

Kittel, T.G.F., presenter for VEMAP Participants.  1995.

The VEMAP integrated dataset for simulation of ecological responses to global change: Current climate and climate change scenarios. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, Aug 1995. In: Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 76 (2, Supplement):143.

Kittel, T.G.F., D. Nychka, N. Rosenbloom, S. Aulenbach, C. Kaufman, D. Yates, D. Schimel, D. Ojima, C. Daly, J.A. Royle, and VEMAP Members.  2000.

Once and future climates of the conterminous United States:  Spatial-temporal variability in the VEMAP2 historical and scenario bioclimate dataset.  p. 134, in: The Ecological Society of America 85th Annual Meeting, August 6-10, 2000, Snowbird, Utah.  The Ecological Society of America, Washington, DC. Abstract.

Kittel, T.G.F, D.S. Ojima, D.S. Schimel, R. McKeown, J.G. Bromberg, T.H. Painter, N.A. Rosenbloom, W.J. Parton, and F. Giorgi.  1996.

Model-GIS Integration and data set development for assessing the vulnerability of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. Pages 293-297, in: GIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issues. M. Goodchild, L. Steyaert, B. Parks, C. Johnston, D. Maidment, M. Crane and S. Glendinning (eds.). GIS World Books, Ft. Collins, CO.

Kittel, T.G.F., N.A. Rosenbloom, H.H. Fisher, D.S. Schimel, J.A. Royle, C. Daly, P.E. Thornton, and VEMAP2 Participants.  1999.

Historical and future scenario climate datasets for the conterminous United States and Alaska: Model input data for VEMAP Phase 2. IAMAS Symposium on Improvements and Intercomparisons of Climate System Models and Their Component Models. IUGG99 22nd General Assembly, Birmingham, UK, 18-30 July 1999. Page A252, in IUGG 99 Birmingham Abstracts. Invited paper.

Kittel, T.G.F, N.A. Rosenbloom, T.H. Painter, D.S. Schimel, H.H. Fisher, A. Grimsdell, VEMAP Participants, C. Daly, and E.R. Hunt, Jr.  1996.

The VEMAP Phase I database: An integrated input dataset for ecosystem and vegetation modeling for the conterminous United States. CDROM and World Wide Web (URL=http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/vemap/).

Kittel, T.G.F., N.A. Rosenbloom, T.H. Painter, D.S. Schimel, H.H. Fisher, A.W. Grimsdell, and VEMAP Participants.  1995, 1996, 1998.

The VEMAP Ecological Model Input Database for the United States.  Dataset and documentation.  First released 1995, revised 1996 on the web at NCAR at <http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/vemap/>, and at ORNL DAAC 1998: <http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/VEMAP/vemap.html>)

Kittel, T.G.F., N.A. Rosenbloom, T.H. Painter, D.S. Schimel, and VEMAP Modeling Participants.  1994.

A physically-consistent database for simulation of U.S. ecosystem/vegetation responses to global change: The VEMAP dataset. 79th Annual Ecological Society of America Meeting, Knoxville, TN, Aug 1994. Program Additions/Changes.

Kittel, T.G.F., N.A. Rosenbloom, T.H. Painter, D.S. Schimel, and VEMAP Modeling Participants.  1994.

A physically-consistent database for simulation of ecosystem/vegetation responses to global change: The VEMAP U.S. dataset. In: First GCTE Science Conference, Woods Hole, Mass., May 23-27, 1994. Book of Abstracts, pp. 86-87. Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems, International Geosphere-Biosphere Program.

Kittel, T.G.F, N.A. Rosenbloom, T.H. Painter, D.S. Schimel, and VEMAP Modeling Participants.  1995.

The VEMAP integrated database for modeling United States ecosystem/vegetation sensitivity to climate change. Journal of Biogeography. 22(4-5):857-862. ABSTRACT

Kittel, T.G.F., N.A. Rosenbloom, D.S. Schimel, T.H. Painter, H.H. Fisher, A.W. Grimsdell, and VEMAP Modeling Participants.  1995.

A bioclimatic, soils, and land cover database for simulation of U.S. ecosystem/vegetation responses to global change: The VEMAP dataset. In: IUGG XXI General Assembly, Boulder, CO, July 2-14 1995. Abstracts, p. A200.

Kittel, T.G.F., J.A. Royle, C. Daly, N.A. Rosenbloom, W.P. Gibson, H.H. Fisher, D.S. Schimel, L.M. Berliner, and VEMAP2 Participants.  1997.

A gridded historical (1895-1993) bioclimate dataset for the conterminous United States. Pages 219-222, in: Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Applied Climatology, 20-24 October 1997, Reno, NV. American Meteorological Society, Boston. ABSTRACT

Kittel, T.G.F., J.A. Royle, C. Daly, N.A. Rosenbloom, W.P. Gibson, H.H. Fisher, D.S. Schimel, L.M. Berliner, and VEMAP2 Participants.  1997.

A gridded historical (1895-1993) bioclimate dataset for calibration of proxy climate records and ecological modeling for the conterminous United States. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, Union Special Session on "Five Centuries of Climate Change: Cross Calibration of Instrumental and Proxy Records," San Francisco, CA, Dec 8-12, 1997. Eos 78(46):F37.

Kittel, T.G.F., J.A. Royle, C. Daly, N.A. Rosenbloom, W.P. Gibson, H.H. Fisher, D.S. Schimel, L.M. Berliner, and VEMAP2 Participants.  1997.

A historical (1895-1993) gridded climate dataset for the conterminous United States: Model input data for VEMAP Phase 2. 1997 Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of America, Albuquerque, NM, 11-14 August 1997. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 78(4, Supplement):124. Abstract.

Kittel, T.G.F., J.A. Royle, C. Daly, N.A. Rosenbloom, W.P. Gibson, H.H. Fisher, D.S. Schimel, L.M. Berliner, and VEMAP2 Participants.  1998.

The VEMAP Phase 2 Gridded Historical (1895-1993) Bioclimate Dataset for the Conterminous United States. On ftp site and tape; selected data for U.S. National Assessment on the web at <http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/naco/data.html?>.ANIMATIONS:

Kittel, T.G.F., D.S. Schimel, H.H. Fisher, N.A. Rosenbloom, and VEMAP2 Participants.  1998.

VEMAP Phase 2 Gridded Transient Bioclimate Change Scenarios for Modeling United States Ecosystem Sensitivity to Altered Climate. On ftp site and tape; selected data for U.S. National Assessment available on the web at <http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/naco/data.html?>. ANIMATIONS: <http://www.cgd.ucar.edu/vemap/animations/index.html>

Kittel, T., D. Schimel, N. Rosenbloom, and H. Fisher.  1998.

U.S. climate and ecological data available on CD-ROM and online. Eos 79:47.

Kittel, T., D. Schimel, N. Rosenbloom, and H. Fisher.  1998.

VEMAP U.S. climate, vegetation, and soils dataset available on CDROM and on line. The Biogeographer, no. 55, p. 2.

Kittel, T.G.F., W.L. Steffen, and F.S. Chapin, III.  2000.

Global and regional modeling of arctic-boreal vegetation distribution and its sensitivity to altered forcing. Global Change Biology, in press. ABSTRACT

Lugo, A.E., S.L. Brown, R. Dodson, T.S. Smith, and H.H. Shugart. 1999.

The Holdridge life zones of the conterminous United States in relation to ecosystem mapping. Journal of Biogeography 26:1025-1038.

McGuire, A.D., Presenter for VEMAP Participants.  1995.

The responses of net primary production (NPP) and total carbon storage for the continental United States to changes in atmospheric CO2, climate, and vegetation. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, Aug 1995. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 76 (2, Supplement):177.

McKeown, R., D.S. Ojima, T.G.F. Kittel, D.S. Schimel, and W.J. Parton.  1995.

Integrated earth system studies: Joint research efforts of global change. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, Aug 1995. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 76 (2, Supplement):178.

McKeown, R., D.S. Ojima, T.G.F. Kittel, D.S. Schimel, W.J. Parton, H. Fisher, and T. Painter.  1996.

Ecosystem modeling of spatially explicit land surface changes for climate and global change analysis. In: Third International Conference/Workshop on Integrating Geographic Information Systems and Environmental Modeling, January 21-25 1996, Santa Fe, NM. National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, Santa Barbara, CA. Abstract.

Neilson R.P., D. Bachelet, J.M. Lenihan, R.J. Drapek, and VEMAP Members.  2000. 

The VEMAP models and potentially complex biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks:  Is there a threshold global temperature increase shifting the biosphere from negative to positive feedback with the climate system?  American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, Washington, DC, 30 May-3 June 2000. Eos 81 (19, Suppl.):S16.  Abstract.

Ojima, D.S., Presenter for VEMAP Participants.  1995.

The impact of climate and CO2 changes on ecosystem dynamics of the continental United States. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, Aug 1995. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 76 (2, Supplement):199.

Ojima, D.S., W.J. Parton, T.G.F. Kittel, R.Kelly, and M. Hartman.  2000. 

Simulated climate change impacts on key ecosystem properties of potential compared to current land cover for the conterminous United States.   p. 170, in: The Ecological Society of America 85th Annual Meeting, August 6-10, 2000, Snowbird, Utah.  The Ecological Society of America, Washington, DC. Abstract.

Ojima, D.S., D.S. Schimel, W.J. Parton, S.A. Denning, N.P. Hanan, and VEMAP Members.  2000. 

Observational constraints on regional carbon modeling.  Joint Session on Biogeophysics of Land Cover Change, American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, Washington, DC, 30 May-3 June 2000. Eos 81 (19, Suppl.):S75.  Abstract.  Invited.

Ojima, D.S., D.S. Schimel, R. McKeown, T.G.F. Kittel, and W.J. Parton.  1995.

Ecosystem dynamics and carbon storage for the continental United States. In: IUGG XXI General Assembly, Boulder, CO, July 2-14 1995. Abstracts, vol. B.

 

P - T Back to Top

Pan, Y., Presenter for VEMAP Participants.  1995.

Sensitivity of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated atmospheric CO2: Comparisons of model simulation studies to CO2 effect. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, Aug 1995. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 76 (2, Supplement):205.

Pan, Y., A.D. McGuire, D.W. Kicklighter, and J.M. Melillo.  1996.

The importance of climate and soils on estimates of net primary production: A sensitivity analysis with the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model. Global Change Biology 2: 5-23.

Pan, Y.D., J.M. Melillo, A.D. McGuire, D.W. Kicklighter, L.F. Pitelka, K. Hibbard, L.L. Pierce, S.W. Running, D.S. Ojima, W.J. Parton, and D.S.Schimel.  1998.

Modeled responses of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated atmospheric CO2: A comparison of simulations by the biogeochemistry models of the Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project (VEMAP). Oecologia 114:389-404.

Pitelka, L.F., Presenter for VEMAP Participants.  1995.

The Vegetation/ Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project: An introduction. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting, Snowbird, UT, Aug 1995. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 76 (2, Supplement):214.

Rosenbloom, N., and T.G.F. Kittel.  1996.

A User’s Guide to the VEMAP Phase I Database. NCAR Technical Note NCAR/TN-431+IA, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO. 53 pp. ON-LINE DOCUMENT

Rosenbloom, N.A., T.G.F. Kittel, R. McKeown, D.S. Schimel, and VEMAP Modeling Participants.  1995.

The importance of topographic effects in a gridded bioclimatology for scaling ecological models. Special session on Scaling Land-Atmosphere Processes from Leaf to Canopy, 1995 American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, May 1995, Baltimore, MD. Eos 76(17):S126.

Rosenbloom, N.A., T.G.F. Kittel, T.H. Painter, D.S. Schimel, and VEMAP Modeling Participants.  1994.

A physically-consistent database for simulation of U.S. ecosystem/vegetation responses to global change: The VEMAP dataset. Special session on Continental-Scale Hydrology-Climate Interaction, 1994 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, Dec. 1994, San Francisco. Eos 75(44, Supplement):219.

Schimel, D., J. Melillo, H. Tian, A.D. McGuire, D. Kicklighter, T. Kittel, N. Rosenbloom, S. Running, P. Thornton, D. Ojima, W. Parton, R. Kelly, M. Sykes, R. Neilson, and B. Rizzo.  2000. 

Contribution of increasing CO2 and climate to carbon storage by ecosystems of the United States.  Science 287:2004-2006. ABSTRACT

Schimel, D.S., S. Running, and VEMAP Participants.  2000.

Carbon sinks in the United States.  Union Session on The Integrated Carbon Cycle, American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, Washington, DC, 30 May-3 June 2000. Eos 81 (19, Suppl.):S15.  Abstract.  Invited.

Schimel, D.S., VEMAP Participants and B.H. Braswell.  1997.

Continental scale variability in ecosystem processes: Models, data, and the role of disturbance. Ecological Monographs 67: 251-271.

Tian, H., S. Running, J. Melillo, R. Neilson, W. Parton, D. Ojima, T. Kittel, M. Sykes, and A. McGuire.  2000. 

Carbon storage in the US 1895-1993.  p. 219, in: The Ecological Society of America 85th Annual Meeting, August 6-10, 2000, Snowbird, Utah.  The Ecological Society of America, Washington, DC. Abstract.

Thornton, P.E., S.W. Running, and VEMAP Members.  2000. 

Relationship between decadal anomalies in climate and model-estimated AET, NPP, total carbon, and net ecosystem carbon exchange, 1895-1993: Results from VEMAP Phase 2.   p. 218, in: The Ecological Society of America 85th Annual Meeting, August 6-10, 2000, Snowbird, Utah.  The Ecological Society of America, Washington, DC.   Abstract.

Thornton, P.E., D.S. Schimel, and VEMAP2 Participants.  1999.

Predicted NPP, NEE, and carbon stocks for historic (1895-1994) and potential future climate scenarios over the contiguous United States: an intercomparison of terrestrial biogeochemistry model results from VEMAP Phase 2. IAMAS Symposium on Improvements and Intercomparisons of Climate System Models and Their Component Models. IUGG99 22nd General Assembly, Birmingham, UK, 18-30 July 1999. Page A252, in IUGG 99 Birmingham Abstracts. Invited paper.

U - Z Back to Top

VEMAP Members (J.M. Melillo, J. Borchers, J. Chaney, H. Fisher, S. Fox, A. Haxeltine, A. Janetos, D.W. Kicklighter, T.G.F. Kittel, A.D. McGuire, R. McKeown, R. Neilson, R. Nemani, D.S. Ojima, T. Painter, Y. Pan, W.J. Parton, L. Pierce, L. Pitelka, C. Prentice, B. Rizzo, N.A. Rosenbloom, S. Running, D.S. Schimel, S. Sitch, T. Smith, I. Woodward).  1995.

Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project (VEMAP): Comparing biogeography and biogeochemistry models in a continental-scale study of terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate change and CO2 doubling. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9(4): 407-437.

Yates, D.N., T.G.F. Kittel, and R.F. Cannon.  2000. 

Comparing the correlative Holdridge model to mechanistic biogeographical models for assessing vegetation distribution response to climatic change. Climatic Change 44:59-87. ABSTRACT

Yin, X. 1999. 

Atmospheric water vapor pressure over land surfaces: A generic algorithm with data input limited to air temperature, precipitation and geographic location. Theoretical and Applied Climatoloty 63:183-194.

Include?

Bachelet D., M. Brugnach, R. Neilson. 1998. Sensitivity of a biogeography model to soil properties. Ecological Modelling 109:77-98.

Bachelet, D., J.M. Lenihan, R.P. Neilson, R. Drapek, M.T. Sykes, J. Travis, T. Hickler, B. Smith, S. Sitch. DGVM deathmatch: MC1 and LPJ one-on-one (AGU 1999 abstract, manuscript in prep.)

D. Bachelet, J.M. Lenihan, R.P. Neilson and M.T. Sykes, J. Travis, T. Hickler. DGVM deathmatch: MC1 and LPJ one-on-one. Abstract for American Geophysical Union Annual Meetings. San Francisco, CA. 13-17 December, 1999.

D. Bachelet, R.P. Neilson, J.M. Lenihan, and R. Drapek. Climate Change Effects on Vegetation distribution and Carbon Budget in the U.S. Submitted to Ecosystems, 2000.

D. Bachelet, R.P. Neilson, J.M. Lenihan, and R. Drapek. Potential Impacts of Global Warming on Western Coniferous Forests. Abstract for Ecological Society Annual Meetings. Snowbird, UT. 6-10 August, 2000.

Churkina, G., Running, S.W., Schloss, A.L. (1999) Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): the importance of water availability. Global Change Biology. 5:46-55.

Clein JS, Kwiatkowski BL, McGuire AD, Hobbie JE, Rastetter EB, Melillo JM, Kicklighter DW (in press) Modeling carbon responses of moist tundra ecosystems to historical and projected climate: A comparison of fine- and coarse-scale ecosystem models for identification of process-based uncertainties. Global Change Biology.

Cowling, S.A. & Sykes, M.T. 1999. Physiological significance of low atmosphere CO2 for plant-climate interactions. Quaternary Research 52. 237-242

Daly C., D. Bachelet, J.M. Lenihan, W.J. Parton, R.P. Neilson, D. Ojima. 2000. Dynamic simulation of tree-grass interactions for global change studies. Ecological Applications 10(2): 449-469.

Hall, D.O., D.S. Ojima, W.J. Parton, and J.M.O. Scurlock. 1995. Response of temperate and tropical grasslands to CO2 and climate change. Journal of Biogeography 22:537-547.

Hall, D.O., J.M.O. Scurlock, D.S. Ojima, and W.J. Parton. Grasslands and the global carbon cycle: modelling the effects of climate change. In The carbon cycle - Proceedings of the 1993 Global Change Institute on System Modelling, Snowmass, CO, September 1993. OIES (in press).

Heimann M, Esser G, Haxeltine A, Kaduk J, Kicklighter DW, Knorr W,Kohlmaier GH, McGuire AD, Melillo J, Moore B, Otto RD, Prentice IC, Sauf W, Schloss A, Sitch S, Wittenberg U, Würth G (1998) Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models through simulations of the seasonal cycle of atmospheric CO2: First results of a model intercomparison study. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 12, 1-24.

Jackson, R.B., Schenk, H.J., Jobbagy, E.G., Canadell, J., Colello, G.D., Dickinson, R.E., Dunne, T., Field, C.B., Friedlingstein, P., Heimann, M., Hibbard, K., Kicklighter, D.W., Kleidon, A., Neilson, R.P., Parton, W.J., Parton, Sala, O.E. & Sykes, M.T. 2000. Belowground consequences of vegetation change their treatment in models. Ecological Applications 10 470-483.

Jenkins JC, Kicklighter DW, Aber JD (2000) Regional impacts of increased CO2 and climate change on forest productivity. pp. 383-423. IN: Responses of Northern U.S. Forests to Environmental Change, edited by Mickler RH, Birdsey RA, Hom J. Springer-Verlag, New York.

Jenkins JC, Kicklighter DW, Ollinger SV, Aber JD, Melillo JM (1999) Sources of variability in net primary production predictions at a regional scale: a comparison using PnET-II and TEM 4.0 in northeastern US forests. Ecosystems 2, 555-570.

Kelly, R.H., W.J. Parton, M.D. Hartman, L.K. Stretch, D.S. Schimel, and D.S. Ojima. Intra and interannuual variability of ecosystem processes in shortgrass steppe: new model, verification, simulations. Global Change Biology (in review).

Kicklighter DW, Bruno M, Dönges S, Esser G, Heimann M, Helfrich J, Ift F, Joos F, Kaduk J, Kohlmaier GH, McGuire AD, Melillo JM, R. Meyer R, Moore III B, Nadler A, Prentice IC, Sauf W, Schloss AL, Sitch S, Wittenberg U, Würth G (1999) A first-order analysis of the potential role of CO2 fertilization to affect the global carbon budget: A comparison study of four terrestrial biosphere models. Tellus 51B, 343-366.

Lenihan J.M., C. Daly, D. Bachelet and R.P. Neilson. 1998. Simulating Broad-Scale Fire Severity in a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model. Northwest Science 72(2): 91-103.

McGuire AD, Joyce LA (1995) Responses of net primary production to changes in CO2 and climate. pp. 9-45. IN: Productivity of America’s Forests and Climate Change, edited by Joyce LA. General Technical Report No. 271 of the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experimental Station, Ft. Collins, CO. 70p.

McGuire, A..D., S. Sitch, J.S. Clein, R. Dargaville, G. Esser, J. Foley, M. Heimann, F. Joos, J. Kaplan, D.W. Kicklighter, R.A. Meier, J.M. Melillo, B. Moore III, I.C. Prentice, N. Ramankutty, T. Reichenau, A. Schloss, H. Tian, L.J. Williams and U. Wittenberg. Carbon balance of the terrestrial biosphere in the twentieth century: Analyses of CO2, climate and land-use effects with four process-based ecosystem models. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, in press

Melillo JM, Kicklighter DW, McGuire AD, Peterjohn WT, Newkirk KM (1995) Global change and its effects on soil organic carbon stocks. pp. 175-189. IN: Role of Nonliving Organic Matter in the Earth’s Carbon Cycle, edited by Zepp RG, Sonntag Ch. John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.

Melillo, J., Prentice, I.C., Schulze, E.-D., Farquhar, G. and Sala, O. (1996). Terrestrial biotic responses to environmental change and feedbacks to climate. In J.T. Houghton, L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg and K. Maskell (eds) Climate Change 1995: The Science of Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, pp. 445-482.

McGuire AD, Melillo JM, Joyce LA (1995) The role of nitrogen in the response of forest net primary production to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 26, 473-503.

McGuire AD, Melillo JM, Kicklighter DW, Joyce LA (1995) Equilibrium responses of soil carbon to climate change: Empirical and process-based estimates. Journal of Biogeography 22, 785-796.

McGuire AD, Melillo JM, Kicklighter DW, Pan Y, Xiao X, Helfrich J, Moore III B, Vorosmarty CJ, Schloss AL (1997) Equilibrium responses of global net primary production and carbon storage to doubled atmospheric carbon dioxide: Sensitivity to changes in vegetation nitrogen concentration. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 11, 173-189.

McGuire AD, Sitch S, Clein JS, Dargaville R, Esser G, Foley J, Heimann M, Joos F, Kaplan J, Kicklighter DW, Meier RA, Melillo JM, Moore III B, Prentice IC, Ramankutty N, Reichenau T, Schloss A, Tian H, Williams LJ, Wittenberg U (in press) Carbon balance of the terrestrial biosphere in the twentieth century: analyses of CO2, climate and land-use effects with four process-based ecosystem models. Global Biogeochemical Cycles.

Neilson, R.P., I.C. Prentice and B. Smith (1998) Simulated changes in vegetation distribution under global warming. In: Watson, R.T., Zinyowera, M.C., Moss, R.H. and Dokken, D.J., The Regional Impacts of Climate Change: An Assessment of Vulnerability, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 439-456.

Neilson, R.P. and S.W.Running. (1996). Global dynamic vegetation modeling: coupling biogeochemistry and biogeography models. Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems Chapter 23: 451-465

Nusser, S.M., F.J. Breidt, and W.A. Fuller. 1998. Design and estimation for investigating the dynamics of natural resources. Ecological Applications. 8:234-245.

Pierce, L.L., et al., 1993. Ecohydrological changes in the Murray-Darling Basin. III. A simulation of regional hydrological changes. Journal of Applied Ecology. 30:283-294.

Prentice, I.C. & Sykes, M.T. 1995. Vegetation geography and global carbon storage changes. In G.M. Woodwell & F.T. Mackenzie (eds.) Biotic Feedbacks in the Global Climatic System: Will the warming speed the warming? Oxford University Press, New York pp 304-312

Potential Impacts of Global Warming on U.S. Ecosystems. R.P. Neilson, D. Bachelet, J.M. Lenihan, and R. Drapek Abstract for Ecological Society Annual Meetings. Snowbird, UT. 6-10 August, 2000.

Pan Y, McGuire AD, Kicklighter DW, Melillo JM (1996) The importance of climate and soils for estimates of net primary production: a sensitivity analysis with the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model. Global Change Biology 2, 5-23.

Pan Y,, Melillo JM, McGuire AD, Kicklighter DW, Pitelka LF, Hibbard K, Pierce LL, Running SW, Ojima DS, Parton WJ, Schimel DS, other VEMAP Members (1998) Modeled responses of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated atmospheric CO2: A comparison of simulations by the biogeochemistry models of the Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project (VEMAP). Oecologia 114, 389-404.

Parton, W.J., D.S. Schimel, and D.S. Ojima. 1994. Environmental change in grasslands: assessment using models. Climatic Change 28:111-141. (696)

Parton, W.J., J.M.O. Scurlock, D.S. Ojima, D.S. Schimel, D.O. Hall, M.B. Coughenour, E. Garcia Moya, T.G. Gilmanov, Apinan Kamnalrut, J.I. Kinyamario, T. Kirchner, T.G.F. Kittel, J-C. Menaut, O.E. Sala, R.J. Scholes, and J.A. van Veen. 1995. Impact of climate change on grassland production and soil carbon worldwide. Global Change Biology 1:13-22. (717)

Parton, W.J., D.S. Ojima, and D.S. Schimel. 1996. Models to evaluate soil organic matter storage and dynamics. Pages 421- 448 in M.R. Carter and B.A. Stewart, editors. Structure and organic matter storage in agricultural soils. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida, USA. (740)

Parton, W.J. 1996. Ecosystem model comparison: science or fantasy world. Pages 133-142 in D.S. Powlson, P. Smith, and J.U. Smith, editors. Evaluation of soil organic matter models using existing long-term datasets. NATO ASI Series, Vol. I 38, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. (759)

Ruimy, A., C.B. Field, D. Herbert, R.H. Kelly, R.E. McMurtrie, W.J. Parton, L.L. Pierce, and CMEAL participants. Forest and grassland responses to elevated atmospheric CO2: resource use factors from four ecosystem models. Ecological Applications (submitted).

Running, S.W. A Blueprint for Improved Global Change Monitoring of the Terrestrial Biosphere. The Earth Observer, Jan/Feb 1998.

Running, S.W., and E.R. Hunt, Jr., 1993. Generalization of a forest ecosystem process model for other biomes, BIOME-BGC, and an application for global-scale models. In: J.R. Ehleringer and C. Field (Eds), Scaling Physiological Processes: Leaf to Globe. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 141-158.

Running, S.W., et al., 1994. Terrestrial remote sensing science and algorithms planned for EOS/MODIS. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 15: 3587-3620.

Running, S.W., P.E. Thornton, R.R. Nemani, and J.M. Glassy, 2000 (in press). Global Terrestrial Gross and Net Primary Productivity from the Earth Observing System. In: O. Sala, R. Jackson, and H. Mooney (Editors), Methods in Ecosystem Science. Springer-Verlag, New York.

Schimel, D.S., B.H. Braswell, R. McKeown, D.S. Ojima, W.J. Parton, and W. Pulliam. 1996. Climate and nitrogen controls on the geography and timescales of terrestial biochemical cycling. Global Biochemical Cycles 10:677-692.

Schloss AL, Kicklighter DW, Kaduk J, Wittenberg U, the Participants of the Potsdam NPP Model Intercomparison (1999). Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): Comparison of NPP to climate and the normalized difference vegetation index. Global Change Biology 5(Suppl. 1), 25-34.

Sitch, S., Prentice, I.C., Smith, B. & other LPJ consortium members (W. Cramer, J. Kaplan, W. Lucht, M.T. Sykes, K. Thonicke, S. Venevsky). LPJ_ A coupled model of vegetation dynamics and the terrestrial carbon cycle for Global Biogoechemical Cycles.

Sitch S, Prentice IC, Smith B, Kaplan J (1999) LPJ- a coupled model of vegetation dynamics and the terrestrial carbon cycle. in prep. ?????

Sykes, M.T. & Prentice, I.C. 1995. Boreal forest futures: modelling the controls on tree species range limits and transient responses to climate change. Water, Air, Soil and Pollution 82, 415-428.

Sykes, M.T., Prentice, I.C. & Laarif, F. 1999 Quantifying the impact of global climate change on potential natural vegetation Climatic Change 41, 37-52

Thornton, P.E., 1998. Regional ecosystem simulation: Combining surface- and satellite-vased observations to study linkages between terrestrial energy and mass budgets. Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Montana, Missoula, 280 pp.

Thornton, P.E., H. Hasenauer, and M.A. White, 2000. Simultaneous estimation of daily solar radiation and humidity from observed temperature and precipitation: an application of complex terrain in Austria. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, in review.

Thornton, P.E., S.W. Running, and M.A. White, 1997. Generating surfaces of daily meteorological variables over large regions of complex terrain. Journal of Hydrology, 190:214-251.

Tian H, Melillo JM, Kicklighter DW, McGuire AD, Helfrich J (1999) The sensitivity of terrestrial carbon storage to historical climate variability and atmospheric CO2 in the United States. Tellus 51B, 414-452.

Tian H, Melillo JM, Kicklighter DW, McGuire AD, Moore III B, Vörösmarty CJ (1999) Parameters for global ecosystem models: Reply. Nature 399, 536.

Xiao X, Kicklighter DW, Melillo JM, McGuire AD, Stone PH, Sokolov AP (1995) Responses of primary production and total carbon storage to changes in climate and atmospheric CO2 concentration. MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change Report No. 3. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 20 p. ( see also http://web.mit.edu/globalchange/www/rpt3.html).

White, J.D., et al., 1998. Assessing simulated ecosystem processes for climate variability research at Glacier National Park, USA. Ecological Applications, 8: 805-823.

White, M.A., Running, S.W., Thorton, P.E. (1999) Impact of growing season length variability on carbon assimilation and evapotranspiration over 88 years in the eastern deciduous forest. Int.J. Biometeorol. 42:139-145.

White, M.A., P.E. Thornton, and S.W. Running, 1997. A continental phenology model for monitoring vegetation responses to interannual climatic variability. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 11(2):217-234.

Xiao X, Melillo JM, Kicklighter DW, McGuire AD, Prinn RG, Wang C, Stone PH, Sokolov A (1998) Transient climate change and net ecosystem production of the terrestrial biosphere. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 12, 345-360.

Xiao X, Melillo JM, Kicklighter DW, McGuire AD, Stone PH, Sokolov AP (1996) Relative roles of changes in CO2 and climate to equilibrium responses of net primary production and carbon storage of the terrestrial biosphere. MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change Report No. 8. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 34 p. (see also http://web.mit.edu/globalchange/www/rpt8a.html)

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